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牛津通识读本:托克维尔 [21]

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托克维尔的新式自由主义的,4,35—36,43—45;

Tocqueville’s own 托克维尔本人的,12,102

Progress,idea of 进步的思想,63—65,101

Protestantism 新教,75

Public opinion 民意: and equality 和平 等,49—50,61,73;

and majority tyranny 和多数的暴政,41;

and mild despotism 和温和的专制,78;

rules in a democracy 民主制中的规则,48—49

Puritans 清教徒: democratic politics of 民主政治,18—21,37,61;

democratic and republican religion of 民主和共和信仰,32;

as first cause 作为初始动因的,63;

politics serves religion for 让政治为宗教服务,30,34

R

Races 种族,41—45,52. See also Blacks; Indians 参见黑人;印第安人

Raphael 拉斐尔65

Recollections 《回忆录》,102—1 1 1;

as painting 作为描述,103—104,109;

Revolution of 1848 in 1848 年革命,12,102,105—106,109—1 10;

Tocqueville lacked common touch 托克维尔缺乏平易近人的品质,11,107—108

Reformation,Protestant 新教改革,90 Religion 宗教: as aristocratic inheritance 作为贵族制遗产的,32,34,46,56;

cooperates with reason 与理性协作,75;

excites pride 激发自豪感,102;

in France 法国的,90;

and freedom 和自由,4,21,31,61—62,90,100;

and philosophy 和哲学,61—62;

political importance of 政治重要性,30—31,55,62,70,100

Revolution 革命: American 美国的,88;

boasting during 期间的自吹自擂,109;

democratic 民主制的,12,49,68,80,85,108;

of 1830 1830年的,12;

of 1848 1848年的,12,102,105—110;

and freedom 和自由,22,90,97;

French (of 1789) 法国(1789年)的,7,10,17,24,79,84—101,108;

great 大革命,50,81,97

Richelieu,Cardinal de 枢机主教黎塞留,24,84

Rights 权利: individual 个人的,80,82,94;

jury teaches 陪审团教育,23;

in modern political philosophy 现代政治哲学中的,33,35,42,74,98;

as practice of self-government 自治所践行的,33,54;

property 财产,51;

and virtue 和美德,33,111

Rousseau,Jean-Jacques 让—雅克·卢梭,92,103;

favorite of Tocqueville’s 托克维尔偏爱的,14,38—39,99;

and mores 和民情,28

Royer-Collard,Pierre-Paul 皮埃尔—保罗·鲁瓦耶—科拉尔,14

S

Sainte-Beuve,Charles Augustin沙尔—奥古斯丁·圣伯夫,16

Self-interest well understood 不言而喻的私利: came from England 来自英国,34;

combats individualism 与个人主义的对立,68,72;

and compassion 和同情心,73;

critique of 受到的批评,69—70;

and forms 和形式,27—28;

meaning of 含义,26—28;

and mores 和民情,28—31;

and pride 和自豪感,35;

and religion 和宗教,30,53,70

Semblables (those like oneself ) 相似者,49,61

Senior,Nassau 纳索·西尼尔,14

Sévi g né,Ma r qui se de 塞维涅侯爵夫人,72

Sicily 西西里,16

Slavery 奴隶制,17,42—45,73,83,111;

as majority tyranny 作为多数暴政的,42—43,57,78

Social contract 社会契约,34,44,73—74,77

Socialism 社会主义,107—109,111

Social state 社会现状: democratic 民主制的,19,48,58—60,68,82;

role of 作用,20,34

Socrates 苏格拉底,55,62

Soul 灵魂: and associations 和社团,82;

greatness of 伟大,95,99,114;

democratic despotism targets 民主的专制目标,41,79,96;

and material well-being 和物质富足,51—53,71;

meaning of 含义,36;

men need fixed ideas about 人需要有关灵魂的确定不移的观念,61;

need to elevate the 提升的需要,55;

in Plato 柏拉图所称的,78;

restive 桀骜难驯的,11,12,51,53,70;

Tocqueville returns to the 托克维尔重提,36,113;

Tocqueville’s own 托克维尔本人的,8,11—14;

of woman 女人的,30,75

Souvenirs《回忆录》See Recollections 见《回忆录》

Sovereignty of the people 人民主权: dogma of the 教条,22,37;

and freedom of the press 和出版自由,39;

limits on 受到的限制,23,30;

and majority tyranny 和多数的暴政,40,42,57;

as principle of democracy 作为民主制原则的,20,24,32,37,54,77

Spinoza,Baruch 巴鲁赫·斯宾诺莎,3,31,41,62

Spiritedness 血性,33,78,109

State of nature 自然状态: critique of 受到的批评,60,73;

equality in 平等,45,49—50,73;

formal democracy in 形式民主,38;

pride and 自豪感和,43—45;

as prior to politics 政治之前的,3,19;

Tocqueville does not mention 托克维尔从未提及,4;

vs. social state 对社会现状,19—21;

Sto f fe l s,Eu gène 欧仁·施托费尔斯,14 Swetchine,Madame Sophie 索菲·斯

韦特切尼夫人,14

Switzerland 瑞士,16

T

Theory,liberal 自由主义理论: laws above customs in 高于民俗的法律,30;

and race 和种族,44;

and rights of man 和人权,74;

social contract in 社会契约,34,45,73,77;

state of nature in 自然状态,19,45,49—50;

subdues pride 抑制自豪感,35,45

To c quevi l le,H ervé de 埃尔韦·德·托克维尔,9,13—14

Townships 乡镇,21—26,37

Turgot,Anne Robert Jacques 安内—罗贝尔—雅克·杜尔哥,99

Tyranny 暴政: defined 定义,41—42;

of the majority 多数的,40—45,57—58,78;

secondary powers prevent 次级权力防止,94;

spirit of 精神,110

U

United States of America美利坚合众国 See America 见美国

V

Virtue 美德: of American democracy 美国民主的,9—10,16,22,48,69—71;

of aristocracy 贵族的,32,69,95;

deference to 受到的尊重,24;

and equality 和平等,52,69;

and greatness 和伟大,112—114;

human 人的,103,1 10—1 12;

and individualism 和个人主义,68;

jury teaches 陪审团教育,23;

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