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02-01-威廉·莎士比亚 [8]

By Root 1681 0
叶》。这是一出非常凄艳动人的悲剧。虽然最终这对年轻的恋人双双殉情而死,但是该剧广受欢迎,观众百看不厌。
  剧中威尔扮演朱丽叶的父亲老凯布。女主角朱丽叶由剧团一位少年扮演。因为当时没有女演员,所以剧中所有的女角色都由少年来扮演。当然,威尔在舞台上对情爱并没有多加渲染,都是通过台词——优美生动的台词使你置身于剧中而忘了台上女角色实际上是化过装的少年。有些少年演员演技很好,年长后可继续上台扮演男角。
  那年我们在里士满宫上演了《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。每逢圣诞节,我们常在女王御前演出,她爱看新剧,而且一出剧付我们10英镑。我们经常得通宵达旦,及时赶搭戏台,但圣诞节时能在女王宫廷内演出倒让人感觉是一件兴奋的事。宫廷内载歌载舞,大摆宴席,觥筹交错。有几年圣诞节11月便开始,一直热闹到次年二三月才结束。
  1596年初风调雨顺,不料夏天天气很糟,潮湿阴冷,又遇连绵大雨,伦敦的瘟疫卷土重来,于是我们回到斯特拉福镇过夏天。威尔家中一时用不着我帮忙,当时他正忙于编写一部新剧本——《仲夏夜之梦》,于是我有几个星期去了汉普郡帮威尔料理羊毛生意。
  八月的一个雨夜,我回到斯特拉福镇。亨里街的宅邸出奇地静,我便绕到后门径直到了威尔的房间——他的“写作室”,我们这样称呼。他正坐在那里,一动不动地只是呆坐着。
  “出了什么事,威尔?”我问道,“其他人呢?”
  “在教堂。”他脸色苍白,眼睛茫然呆滞。
  “发生什么事了?”我问道,“到底怎么了?”
  他望着我。“哈姆奈特……”,他开口说道,“上星期哈姆奈特病倒了,可是……可是他昨天死了。他才11岁呀,托比,可他却死了。我的孩子。我唯一的儿子。托比,他死了,死了。”他双手掩面哭了。
  发生这样的事你又能说什么来安慰他呢?我挨着他坐下,把手放在他的胳膊上,就这样并排静静地坐着。我知道威尔很疼爱这个儿子——他长着红色闪着光泽的头发,聪明伶俐、生气勃勃,很像他父亲。
  稍过片刻我说道:“你还会有儿子的。”
  “安都40岁了,”威尔说这话时,声音充满倦怠,“自孪生子以后,她就没生孩子。”
  “好啦,不用愁的,你还有两个可爱的女儿苏姗娜和珠迪丝。将来她们结婚后,你就有数不清的外孙了。你瞧,到时,这些外孙们会在楼梯上跑上跑下围着你亲热地叫他们的威尔外公。”
  他戚戚地笑了一下,不过现在他的眼神不再那么茫然了。我心中一喜,顺势说道:
  “你还有兄弟——吉尔伯特、理查和埃德蒙。他们也会有儿子的。莎士比亚家族绝不会无后的。想想整个家族吧,威尔,整个家族!”
  他的确振作起来。尽管他已成为颇具名望的诗人和剧作家,但他也是一个关心家庭的人。翌年1597年,他为家庭购置了一座新住宅。这座叫作“新地方”的住宅就在斯特拉福镇中心,规模大且堂皇,花了60英镑——一笔数目可观的钱——于是镇上的居民开始改口称他“莎士比亚绅士”而不再叫”小威尔戏子”或“约翰·莎士比亚的儿子”,而且也乐意同他做生意,向他贷款。
  安很高兴住进新房子,身为“新地方”的莎士比亚的夫人,在斯特拉福镇自然算是一个体面人物,不过她依然不喜欢威尔从事的工作。
  “演员都是些粗野、危险的人。”她常对他这么说,“对戏剧和戏院我毫无兴趣,对你干的事也懒得知道。”
  她感兴趣的只是钱、新房子、新衣服——以及几年后买下的六座苹果园和斯特拉福镇北部的大农场。
  威尔不再多提哈姆奈特,日子照样周而复始,威尔比以往更忙碌。但我知道他很怀念儿子,只不过把悲痛深埋在心里。一两年后,当我与约翰·海明商谈威尔的新剧本——《约翰王》的服装时,我就更有体会。约翰·海明是个爱家的人——他共有14个孩子。孩子们在家又叫又笑,东奔西跑,家里热闹得不得了……
  约翰正在翻阅剧本。“托比,你瞧这段话,’他说道,“威尔分明在写他的儿子,是吗?”
  我细细地回味这段话,眼前又浮现出八月那天威尔一双失神的眼睛。
  “悲哀填满了我那不在跟前的孩子的房间,
  躺在他的床上,陪着我到东到西,
  装扮出他美妙的神情,复述着他的言语……”
  理查·白贝芝也曾讲过。哈姆奈特死后,威尔的创作风格迥然不同。威尔照样在剧本上讥讽世人,但也对人们寄予无限的同情——同情全世界的人,不论好与坏、贫与富、长与幼。他塑造的人物是真实的。世上本无十全十美的好人,也无十恶不赦的坏人。
  《威尼斯商人》一剧就是最好的例证。剧中的夏洛克是个残忍无情的高利贷者——每个人都憎恨他,但故事最终,当夏洛克倾家荡产之后,你又不得不起恻隐之心。他毕竟只是个可悲的老头。
  或许理查说得对,要说世上还有谁了解威尔,也就是理查·白贝芝了。


■ 7 Queens,Kings,and Princes
  Every year we took more and more plays to court at Christmas.In 1598 one of Will's plays was Henry IV.A lot of the play was about the King's son and his friend,Sir John Falstaff.Sir John was old,fat,lazy,drank too much,talked too much,laughed too much.But you had to love him.He was a great favourite with the London playgoers,and there were a lot of Falstaff jokes going round at the time.
  After the play,the Queen wanted to speak to Will.
  ‘Why?What have We done wrong?’John Heminges said to me in a very quiet voice.
  ‘We'll find out in a minute,’I said.
  We all watched while Will walked over to the Queen's chair.She was an old woman,she wore a red wig,and she had black teeth.But she was still a very great queen.And if the Queen was not pleased…
  She had a good,strong voice—an actor's voice.We could hear her easily.
  ‘Mr Shakespeare,she began.Then she smiled,and suddenly you knew why all Englishmen loved the Queen.It was like the sun coming out on a spring morning.
  ‘Mr Shakespeare,you are the best playwright in England.I enjoyed your play,and I thought that Sir John Falstaff was very funny.I have known many Englishmen like him.Will you write me another play?I would like to see Sir John in love.’
  When Will came back to us,his eyes were bright,but he was already thinking about it.
  ‘Don't talk to me,’he said.‘I've got a play to write.’
  He wrote it in two weeks,and we took it down to Richmond Palace and played it before the Queen on February the 20th.She laughed and laughed at The Merry Wives of Windsor.
  She didn't have much to laugh about in 1599.There was a lot of trouble in Ireland,and the Queen sent the Earl of Essex with 20,000 men to fight a war.Lord Southampton,Will's friend,went with him.All London came out on to the streets to watch when Essex and his men left for Ireland.Will wrote an exciting play about war that summer,and he put in a word or two about Ireland.That was Henry V,about a very famous English King who fought a war in France.
  But Essex was not Henry the Fifth.He didn't know how to fight a war,and he ran away back to England later that year.The Queen never spoke to him again
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